Causes and effects of the volcanic hazard. Estimation of the volcanic hazard. Danger and risk maps. Geophysical, geochemical and ground deformation monitoring systems. The volcanic surveillance.
Remote sensing measurements.
Vulcanologia. R. Scandone, L. Giacomelli.
Monitoring Active Volcanoes. R. Tilling. The Surveillance and Prediction of Volcanic Activity. USGS. Terrestrial fluids, earthquake and Volcanoes. Perez et al.
Sigurdsson H. ed. 2000 Encyclopedia of Volcanoes. Academic Press
Barberi F., Santacroce R., Carapezza ML. 2004. Terra Pericolosa. Edizioni ETS, Pisa
- R. Scarpa,R. I. Tilling Monitoring and Mitigation of Volcano Hazards. Springer
Learning Objectives
Geochemical and Geophysical parameters in the framework of volcanic surveillance. Geothermobarometry in volcanic systems. Treatment and interpretation of geochemical data in quiescent and active volcanoes. Interpretation of Pre-and Sin-eruptive geophysical signals. Secondary hazardous effects related to eruptive events. Volcanic hazard maps and eruptive scenarios. Probabilistic estimates of volcanic hazard and event trees.
Volcanic unrest: case studies. Environmental volcanology.
Teaching Methods
All the lectures are in ppt and they will be distributed to the students on a weekly basis.
Type of Assessment
Question time during the lectures.
Course program
The course is aimed to highlight the most important aspects of the volcanic hazard by studying the main effects deriving by the volcanic activity. Particular attention will be given to the management of the volcanic risk and to the construction of danger and risk maps. Highlights on environmental volcanology will be provided.
Analysis of the different hazards related to volcanic activity. Volcanic risk management and methods for the assessment and representation of volcanic hazards. Environmental volcanology. Methods of geochemical and geophysical monitoring at active volcanoes and during on-going eruptions. Volcanic crises: case studies. Italian active volcanoes and related hazard.
Geochemical and geophysical monitoring networks. Conceptual models for fluid circulation applied to volcanic monitoring.